Valve-operating mechanism



E. H. BELDEN.

VALVE OPERATING MECHANISNI.v

APPLICATION FILED 558.211.1919.

)Panted Oct. 331, w22.

ISMLSSI,

lrfrlllllllllffllard Il I y, l. `i han. im cw lnrei een men el, lt.,

pplication filed February 241., li. lo. .a

To all icl/7mm it may concern Be it knoivn that l, EDWARD BnLnniv. a citizen oi the United Statesj residing rloledo Lucas County, State of @hi-vo, have invented certain neiv and useful lniprovernents in Valve-Operating lvlechanisnn of which li declare the following to be a lull, clear, and eXect description.

This invention relates to internal conibustion engines, and particulerly to valve opereting niechanisin thereior @ne object of the invention is to provide a device oi: this character wherein a plurality or' valves may be controlled in such e manner as to be operated simultaneously.

Another object oli' 'the invention is to provide device of this character, wherein the several valves may be operated by ineens acting directly upon the saine, and in a direction parallel to the longitudinal. axes of the several valves.

Another object of the invention is to provide a niechenisni of this character wherein two or more valves may be actuated simultaneously, and the force exerted thereupon be applied in a direction along` the longitu dinal axis olf each valve.

i further object of this invention isto provide mechanism of the character described` employing a pair of exhaust valves 'for each chamber, and providing ineens for operating` these valves simultaneously.

)i 'further object of the invention is to provide a ineclie-.nisrn oi the character described, which is of si' ple construction end efficient in operation.

Further objects of this invention relate to economies oif niaiiiiifuc'tiue and details oi construction? e.. ivill. hereinafter appear ifroin the detailed description to follow.

lhe objects ci the invention are acconiplished in one instance by the devices and means described in the 'following specii'ication`r but it is evident that the seine inay be varied Widely Without departing i'roni the scope of the invention7 as pointed out in the appended claiins.

structure constituting one embodiment of the invention, which be the preierred. is illustrated in the accompanying drawing forming a part hereof'. in which:

Figure l is a top plan vieiv of a portion o in internal combustion engine7 showing its the cani Ttintine* y is a vertical section-ul vieiv teken along` the line lll-lll of Figure l, illustrating` the o''ieratinA mechanism ol the exhaust valves.

Similar reference characters relier to corresponding' parts throughout the several views, and the sectional vieivs taken looking` in the irection of the small arrows at the ends of tno sect-ion lines.

lielierring to the numbered parts of the drawing, lO indicates an internal cornbus- Jtion engine ol the usuel construction, provided ivith series oi cylinders spaced roin each other in a direction longitudinally oi the engine, end hevin T the aires of the severel cylinders lyingv in a coinnion plane. i cylinder heed casing il ositioned above the several cylinders and iorins 'the upper portion of the internal combustion engine, said cylinder heed being` 'rovided with a plurality of intelie passages l2, end exhaust passages i3. ln the "orin ovrn herewith single intake pessac@ i2 is provided lor communication with each cylinder, and e peir of exhaust pusages lil are so 'formed in the heed costing' es to be in communication with each oli the several cylinders.

in intake vf-.lve le is positioned Within euch 01"' the intake passages point wher the intake passage communicates vvith the corres ondino c linder each of the intake .1

valves le being` adapted to seat upon a valve seat l5, secured Within the intake passage in any suitable manner. il valve stein 16 is carried by each of the intake valves le: and en tends in en upward direction therefrom, being inounted to slide 'freely Within a valve sleeve i7, positioned Within un opening in the cylinder head casing. The valve sleeves iT are each provided With an outwardly ezttending annuler flange i8, adapted to rest against the upper portion oit the cylinder head casing` and forni a seat for coiled conrpression spring i9 which surrounds the upper portion of each valve stern and bears at its upper extremity eg inst a cup-shaped Washer 2O secured to the upper end or" the ioo valve stem. Each of the valve stems 16 is provided with a head 21 at its upper end, and a reduced portion 22 in proximity to the head. A. split washer 22) is adapted to tit around the reduced portion of the valve stem and se` curely retain the washer 2O from outward movement relative to the valve stem.

A. cup-shaped portion 24 is formed in the cylinder' head casing which serves as a housing for the upper portion of each intake valve stem and its corresponding compression spring. lositioned within the upper part of each of these cupshaped portions is a sleeve 25 which serves as a bushing. A bonnet 26 :tits closely within the sleeve 25 and has its inner surface bearing against the head portion of the valve stem. The bonnet 26 is slidably mounted within the bushing, which permits it to move readily in a direc` tion longitudinally of the axis of the valve stem, 'and any downward movement of the bonnet exerts pressure upon the valve stem in a direction axially thereof. Each of the exhaust passages 13 is provided with an exhaust valve 27, positioned at a point near the point oi" communication of the correspond ing exhaust passage with the interior of the cylinder, and the several exhaust valves are each provided with a valve stem 28, which extends upwardly therefrom and is slidably mounted within a valve sleeve 29, positioned within an opening formed in the cylinder head casing. Each ot the valve sleeves 29 is provider with an outwardly extending annular flange 30 which serves as a seat for a coiled compression spring 31, the said spring being adapted to bear at its opposite end against a cup-shaped washer 32, secured to the upper portion of each of the valve stems .in-such a manner that the tension exerted by the spring tends to iforce each valve into contact with the corresponding seat.

Each of the exhaust passages is provided with a scat 33 positioned therein, and firmly secured in place at a point near the point of communication or' the corresponding exhaust passage with the interior of the cylinder. Each of the valve stems 23 is provided with an enlarged head 3ft positioned at the upper extremity thereof, and in proximity to a reduced portion 35 formed in the upper portion oi? the valve stem. A split rinp,` 36 is adapted to lit around the reduced portion 35 of the valve stem, and against the enlarged head 34, thus serving as a means for securingthe cup-shaped washer 32 in proper position upon the valve stem to insure proper control oi the valve stem by the coiled compression spring.

It will be seen upon reference to Figure lll that the exhaust valves oir each cylinder are so arranged as to form a pair, and adapted to be simultaneously actuated by means of a head plate 38 positioned above the upper ends of the exhaust valve stems and bearing upon the head portions ot' the same. A cupshaped seat 39 is formed integral with the cylinder head casing, and is located between the exhaust 'valve stems of each cylinder to form a seat for spring 40.

rlhe opposite end oi the coiled compres- `ion spring flO, is adapted to seat against the central portion of the head 38, at av point intermediate the ends thereof, and exert pressure upon the same at all times to force it in an upward direction. guide sleeve 41 is adapted to be positioned above the cup-shaped portion 39 of the cylinder head casing, and forms an extension of the cylindrical opening therein. The guide sleeve al is provided with a pair of oppositely extending arms 42, `which are adapted to rest upon portions of the cylinder head casing, and are provided with openings to receive the valve stem sleeves 29. The sleeves 29 are so positioned with respect to the openings in the arms 42 that the outwardly extending iianged portions 30 of the sleeve seat upon and bear firmly against the upper surfaces of the arms 42, thus serving to iirmly secure the guide sleeve 41 in its proper position.

.ei depending sleeve Li3 is preferably formed integral with the head 38 at a point substantially` midway between the ends of the head' plate, the said depending sleeve portion i3 being adapted to be slidably positioned within the guide sleeve al, so as to be capable of vertical movement therein. From this construction it will be apparent that any downward pressure exerted from the upper portion of the head member 3() will cause the same to be depressed, its di-` rection ofmovement being restrained by means of the sleeve 43 co-operating with the guide sleeve 4-1, in such a manner as to cause it to move ina direction substantially at right anglesto its length, and as the opposite ends of the head plate rest upon the head portions of 'the exhaust valve stems, the two valves will be actuated simultaneously and in substantially the same degree for the purpose of opening the exhaust passages to permit discharge of the combustion products therethrough. The springs 31 serve to return the valves to their original position upon removal of the iiorce exerted against them by the downward pressure upon the head plate, and these springs co-operate with the spring 40 to insure a proper return of the head plate to its original position upon removal oi' the pressureA exerted upon the same. The *force exerted by these several springs being applied to the head plate at suitable points longitudinally thereof acts upon the head plate to cause movement oi' the same in direc# tion substantially at right anglesv to its length, and thus serves to return the head a coiled compressionl aisance plate to its original position Without causing any binding action between the sleeve 43 and the guide sleeve 41.

L camshaft 44 extends in a direction longitudinally of the engine, being mounted in suitable bearings 45 carried by the cylinder head casing, as shoivn in Figure lhecain shaft is so positioned as to extend directly above the several intalre valve stems 16, and at a point substantially midway of the heads of the valve stems 2S controlling the exhaust passages. rlhe cani shaft 44 is provided with a plurality of cam elements 4G, each of which is positioned above and adapted to actuate the corresponding intake valves 14, by exerting pressure upon the bonnets 26 resting upon the corresponding valve stems 16. ln a similar manner the cam shaft 44 is provided With a plurality of cani. elements 47, each of which is positioned above and substantially inidivay of each of the head plates 38, in such. a manner as to exert pressure upon each of the head plates at suitable intervals for the purpose of properly actuating the exhaust valves.

The cam shaft 44 is adapted to be driven from the main crank shaft of the engine in any suitable manner, so as to give it speed of rotation proportionate to the speed of rotation of the engine crank shaft. A. cani shaft housing 48 is secured to the upper por* tion of the cylinder head casing in any suitable manner as by bolts 49, and is adapted to enclose the cam shaft and the operating mechanism employed for actuating the varions valves.

In the operation of the mechanism shovvn and described, the cani shaft is rotated from the main crank shaft of the engine, or from other suitable rotating` part, in such a manner as to have a speed of rotation proportionate to the speed of rotation of the engine crank shaft. The various cam elements 46 and 47 are so positioned as to actuate the intake valve and the exhaust valves of each cylinder in sequence, and to properly operate the corresponding valves of the several.

cylinders in the necessary order to correspond with the cycles of operation of the cylinders. As the cam elements 46 are rotated, pressure is communicated to the bonnet S26 of each of the inlet valves, by means of which the bonnet is forced downwardly, sliding Within the bushing 25, thus causing the valve stem to be depressed and the inlet valve to be opened for admitting fuel to the cylinder. The spring 19 serves to immediately return the valve 14 into contact with the valve seat 15 and the bonnet 2G to its original position upon release of the pressure exertec by the cani elements 46.

rl`he cam elements 47 carried by the cam shaft each contact with one of the several head plates 38, at a point midway of the length of the head pla-te, and upon rotation the cam elements each head plate is forced in a doivnivard direction thus causing the exhaust valves 2T to be depressed for the pin-pose of opening the exhaust passages and permitting the escape of the combustion products from each cylinder. Vl`he guiding sleeve serves to restrain the movement of the head plate in such a manner as to cause it to move in a direction substantially at right angles to its length, and thus exert pressure upon the corresponding valve stems of the exhaust valves in a direction axially of their length. Upon release of the pressure exerted upon each of the head plates the springs 31 and 40 serve to return the heat plate to its original position together vvith the valve stems 28, thus causing the exhaust valves to be again seated securely in position upon their respective valve seats.

lflhile l have shovvn and described in considerable detail a specic embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that this shovving and description is illustrative only, and for 'the purpose of rendering my invention more clear, and that l do not regard the invention as limited to the details of construction illustrated or described, nor any of them, except in so far as I have included such limitations Within the terms of the following claims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in my invention broadly as ivell as specifically'.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Let-. ters Patent, is:

1. ln an internal combustion engine having a cylinder head casing, a pair of valve rods extendingtherethrough, a member overlying said casing having openings to receive said rods, and having a portion forming a guide sleeve, a head for actuating said rods having a cylindrical portion guided bysaid sleeve, and a coil spring housed Within said cylindrical portion for raising said head.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of valves arranged in pairs, a head plate co-operating With the valves of each pair to operate the same, means for restricting the movement of the head plate to a direction substantially at right angles to its length, comprising a pair of telescoping sleeves one of which is retained in i position by the stems of the valve, and means for actuating the head plate.

3. ln au internal combustion engine having a cylinder head casing and a pair of valve rods extending therethrough, a bearing sleeve in said head for each of said rods, a spring for each of said rods, each of said sleeves having a flange providing an abutnient for each of said springs, a guide member having arms overlying said head and engaged beneath thelfianges of said sleeves, a head for actuating said rods having a tubular portion telescoping with a portion of said guide member, and a coil spring Within said tubular portion.

(Je. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of cylinders, a cam shaft located above the cylinders and extending longi tudinally of the engine, an inlet valve for each cylinder positioned beneath the cam shaft, a pair of exhaust valves for each cylinder located on opposite sides of the cam shaft and means for positively actuating said valves from said cam shaft.

5. In an `internal combustion engine, a

pair of valves having stems extending up- Wardly from the engine cylinder, sleeves surrounding said stems and provided With annular flanges, a guide sleeve located hetween said valves and having portions through which the sleeves surrounding' the valve stems project, a reciprocable head for actuating the valves, and means carried by said head and cooperating With the guide sleeve for preventing tilting` of the head.

In testimony whereof, I aHiXiny signature.

EDWARD H. BELDEN. 

